Land area:35,382 sq mi (91,639 sq km);
Total area:35,672 sq mi (92,391 sq km);
Population (2008 est.):10,642,836 (growth rate: 0.3%); birth rate: 10.6/1000; infant mortality rate: 4.9/1000; life expectancy: 77.9; density per sq mi: 301
Capital (2003 est.):Lisbon, 2,618,100 (metro. area), 559,400
Largest cities:Oporto, 264,200
Monetary unit:Euro (formerly escudo)

República Portuguesa

National name:República Portuguesa
Current government officials
Languages:Portuguese (official), Mirandese (official, but locally used)
Ethnicity/race:homogeneous Mediterranean stock; less than 100,000 citizens of black African descent who immigrated to mainland during decolonization; East Europeans have entered since 1990
Religions:Religion Roman Catholic 84.5%, other Christian 2.2%, other 0.3%, unknown 9%, none 3.9% (2001 census)
Literacy rate:93% (2003 est.).

Economic summary: GDP/PPP (2007 est.): $230.5 billion; per capita $21,700. Real growth rate: 1.9%. Inflation: 2.4%. Unemployment: 7.7%. Arable land: 17%. Agriculture: grain, potatoes, tomatoes, olives, grapes; sheep, cattle, goats, swine, poultry, dairy products; fish. Labor force: 5.62 million (2007 est.); services 60%, industry 30%, agriculture 10% (2001 est.). Industries: textiles and footwear; wood pulp, paper, and cork; metals and metalworking; oil refining; chemicals; fish canning; rubber and plastic products; ceramics; electronics and communications equipment; rail transportation equipment; aerospace equipment; ship construction and refurbishment; wine; tourism. Natural resources: fish, forests (cork), tungsten, iron ore, uranium ore, marble, arable land, hydropower. Exports: $50.72 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.): clothing and footwear, machinery, chemicals, cork and paper products, hides. Imports: $72.19 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.): machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, petroleum, textiles, agricultural products. Major trading partners: Spain, France, Germany, UK, U.S., Italy, Netherlands (2004).